First Peoples of Sharlot's Country (New Directions, Sharlot Hall Museum Newsletter, March/April 2002, Vol. 29, No. 2)

SHARLOT HALL MUSEUM NEWSLETTER neJKEGTJQNS Museum Yard Sale The series begins with Dr. Harry Swanson, whose expertise includes the Mohave, Chemehuevi, and Colorado River Indian tribes. His talk is entitled “Giant Farmers and Pygmy Slaves.” Hualapai Sylvia Querte, well known to Elderhostel tours at Peach Springs, discusses her people in the “Cultural History of Hualapai.” Archaeologist Chris Coder returns, by popular demand, to speak about the “Dilzhé: The Western Apache of Central Arizona.” The Museum’s cultural anthropologist, Sandra Lynch, will present “Yavapai: The People of the Sun.” For prehistory buffs, Dr. David Wilcox returns with an update on his Yavapai regional study—”What a Sight! Hilltop Communication Systems in West Central Arizona, AD 1100 to 1400.” Senior Curator Norm Tessman will present the evidence on the timing and lifestyle of the very first people in “Elephant Hunting in Arizona: Paleo-lndians and Really Big Game!” The First Peoples Series will culminate with a speech by Bill Smith, site steward for Camp Date Creek, which will prepare participants for a daylong field trip to Camp Date Creek—an abandoned military postlincarceration camp that once held the Yavapai. Check the Calendar for the schedule. Register free for the series by calling Gail Sisson at 445-3122. Drop-in seating for individual programs will be on a space-available basis. Register for the Camp Date Creek field trip by calling Anita Nordbrock at 445-3122 (ext. 18). The sessions will fill up fast, so do not delay. - - **_ ,.-- __L MARCH/APRIL 2002 VOLUME 29 - NO.2;1] 3. —-,‘-— INSIDE;0] .--, J - A Yavapai family in Peeples Valley about 1890-1900. First Peoples of Sharlot’s Country Yavapai Heritage Roundup 1 Indian Cowboys Sharlot Hall - -Award Touched by Daisy Lorenzo Hubbell & I Annie Dodge Wauneka Apotecary Acquisition Du ring the month of March you are invited to walk the lands of the A’bahhjah and DilzhO in a series of lectures and discussions on the First Peoples of Sharlot’s Country. Walking the land in knee-high moccasins the A’bahhjah and DilzhO left few reminders of their struggles, their passions, their ambitions, and their greatness. The A’bahhjah spoke a tongue modern anthropologists call Yuman. They called themselves A’bahhjah —“We are People.” The Dilzhé spoke a language of the Athapaskan New World migrants who also populated regions far to the north. Only a few adventurers would leave their descendants to populate New Mexico and Arizona. These were the First Peoples of a world that Sharlot M. Hall would later help to protect. The A’bahhjah were bands of the Yavapai—the Kewevkapaya, the Tolkapaya, the Wipukapaya, the Nyavbiyah of Wiigahvdtehh (Granite Mountain), and the vanished Maht-quaddipaya. Their cousins were the Hàmakháv—”the water people”—as tall as giants. Along the vast abyss of the Grand Canyon came other relations—the Hualapai (the A’bahhjah of the Tall Pines) and the Havasupai (A’bahhjah of the Blue Green Water). And there were people who were unrelated to the A’bahhjah —a people of another tongue, the DilzhO, known to latecomers as the Apache.

Lessons From the Arizona Site Steward Program, Mary Estes (Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology, Volume 14, 2004) (excerpt)

"Lessons From The Arizona Site Steward Program", by Mary Estes, Site Steward Program Coordinator, Arizona State Historic Preservation Office, for Proceedings of the Society for California Archaeology, Volume 14, 2004, pp. 87-90. This article arguing for the necessity of stewards for historic sites located on public property mentions an incident in which Bill W. Smith thwarted vandalism at the Camp Date Creek site in 2003.

PuRuc PARTICIPATION AND TilE PROTECTION OF ARCIIAEOIOGICAL REsouRcis 87 LESSONS FROM THE ARIZONA SITE STEWARD PROGRAM MARY ESTES The Arizona Site Steward Program began in the late l980s, and has now grown to almost 700 members. This author has been the state program coordinator for the last nine years, and the following paper outlines the pros and cons of developing a stewardship program, working to ensure accountability in volunteers, suggestions for limiting the flow of site information to volunteers, and working with the news media to ensure program coverage while at the same time protecting site locations. Fr om the chalking of petroglyphs on the Arizona Strip, to the looting for Spanish treasure behind the Chapel at the Presidio de Santa Cruz de Terranate near Sierra Vista — from Arizona’s northern rim to its southern border — Arizona Site Stewards report vandalism almost weekly to the various land managers who participate in the Arizona Site Steward Program. Unlike most other stewardship programs in the United States which have been developed to serve a single land manager, for ten years, Arizona Site Stewards have been assisting federal, state, county, and municipal land managers with cultural resource management. Arizona’s Site Stewards also monitor historic cemeteries and sites for the Archaeological Conservancy. Currently, Arizona has 700 volunteers serving in 22 communities across the state. Each region has a volunteer Regional Coordinator to oversee the training, site assignments, and operations of the Stewards in the region. While most of the work is done by the Regional Coordinator in the local area, the Land Manager must get involved with assigning sites to the region, responding to reports of vandalism, assisting with the initial field training of Stewards and as speakers at workshops and conferences sponsored by the program. Several times the question has been asked whether the land managers sponsoring the program believe it is worth the funding they provide, and the time and effort they put into working with the volunteers. When posed that question at a recent compliance workshop, City of Phoenix Archaeologist Todd Bostwick said without hesitation that he could not manage the sites he is responsible for without the assistance of the Site Stewards. Over the years, Site Stewards have earned the reputation of being an essential part of the protection of cultural resources in the state of Arizona. For organizations or agencies in the beginning stages of developing an archaeological stewardship program, the question might be whether or not it is worth the time, effort, and expense. What are the pros and cons of such a program? Bill Smith (Figure 1) has been an Arizona Site Steward for about ten years, monitoring an historic military camp known as Camp Date Creek, north of Wickenburg, Arizona. Unfortunately, the site is located on topographic maps of Arizona and included in many books written for the treasure seeker, and has been the target of several cases of Antiquity Law violations in the past several years. Not only does Bill monitor the site, but he has done extensive research on its history; in fact, while not formally educated in the discipline of history, he is considered the state’s foremost historian on Camp Date Creek. In fact, he has been asked to speak on the history of the camp so often by various organizations that he has worked up a very entertaining and authentic living history reenactment. Late last year, Bill drove from his home in Phoenix to check Camp Date Creek and immediately noticed a Bobcat® tractor and pickup truck with a trailer that had cut a wide path across private property gathering boulders, and had crossed a posted fence surrounding State Trust land onto the historic military camp. Bill copied the license number of the truck and called the information into the State Land Department, which handles trespass issues on State Trust lands in Arizona. Mary Lutes, Site Steward Program Coordinator, 4rizorta Stale Historic Preserration 010cc Proceedlngso(theSocietyforCalitorniaArchaeology, Volume 14, 2004, pp 8790 88 PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY, VOL. 14, 2000 Due to a quick response by law enforcement, they were able to seize the tractor and identify the suspect. The Yavapai County Sheriff’s Department and the County Attorney’s Office are working on the case. Without a Site Steward monitoring this site on a regular basis, the vandalism likely would not have been noticed until the stones making up the camp walls had been completely relocated to some rock company’s sales lot. Having Stewards with the talent and dedication that Bill Smith demonstrates is a definite “pro” for the time and effort it takes to develop a stewardship program. The greatest reward of having extra eyes to assist with cultural resource management may be in seeing the dedication of the trained volunteer working for an agency or program, when they have observed and reported vandalism. A Site Steward program is not free. And its cost is not always found in the funding of the program. Sometimes the greatest cost is the time and effort spent by both the volunteer and the land manager. For instance, reports of vandalism by the concerned volunteer requires the time of the professional to respond and to do a damage assessment. If the land manager is too “busy” with other priorities to take the time to show concern for the vandalism, the volunteer soon loses heart. The Stewards’ dedication and enthusiasm for continuing their efforts will only match that of the paid professionals who are their contacts with the land agency. Generally, for every hour we put into training our Stewards, responding to the concerns of the volunteers, and doing whatever paperwork must be done, we can expect the efforts of the volunteers to come back tenfold. Depending upon the size of the program, or the size it grows to be, the hours volunteered are equivalent to one or more paid positions, yet not being professional, the volunteers can never take away positions from an agency, which must have work overseen by someone who meets the Secretary of Interior Standards. - While “pros” weigh heavily in favor of developing stewardship programs, there are inherent difficulties. Financial security for a program like this is a must, and is not always easy to put and keep in place. Someone has to coordinate the activities, training, and general operations. The job is usually more than can be given to an existing staff member who is already struggling to keep up with his or her work load. Often that means funding must be found to hire a person to manage the program. Once the scope of the program is decided upon and developed, a budget must be planned to fund the “wish list” of activities and events. There is no monetary value we can place on the void left in the minds and hearts of those who value our Nation’s shared history when a site is damaged or destroyed by collecting or looting. Site Stewards often become emotionally attached to the resources that they have been given the charge to protect. If there is a “con” to this, it might be that some Stewards may become so attached to the site they monitor that they forget the sites are on public lands and open to anyone who decides to hike across to them. An over zealous Site Steward might want to close the site to the public at the first sign of vandalism. By involving a few people in cultural resource management and educating them to the importance of preserving the archaeological record, the word spreads in the community. We are seeing others besides our volunteers who are becoming aware that archaeological site vandalism hurts us all and are making the effort to contact agency law enforcement when vandalism is observed. How do we bring a sense of accountability to our volunteers? In Arizona, we ask them to get involved mentally and emotionally, not just physically, with our program: we invite them to write articles for our program’s newsletter, we ask them to be the liaison with an Indian community to let the tribe know about the program’s mission, and we get them involved with planning workshops, training, and other activities. When volunteers are recruited, we are not just recruiting a “body” to do a certain job. We are recruiting a variety of talents and skills that are inherited with the “body.” Some of our Stewards are outstanding photographers, airplane pilots, great organizers, and have the skills to format regional newsletters. We train them, then we trust them. Rarely have our volunteers let us down. In the ten years that Arizona has had the program, more than 700 people have left for one reason or another, and of these 700, there were only a handful we felt might have questionable integrity or lacked the common sense needed to serve as a representative of the land managers they served. The better the volunteers feel about what they are doing, the more accountable they will be. A volunteer who has been used as an example of good stewardship inspires others. Praising and rewarding volunteers gives them a sense of acceptance by, and appreciation from, the professional archaeological community. Should we limit the flow of site information to our volunteers? This is a rather complex question and not Piisuc PT,cjpAr,o. j.%D THE PRO TECTIOPJ Of ARCH4EOLOIC4L RESOVRCE3 89 easily answered with a yes or no. Most of the sites that Stewards have been asked to monitor are sites which the public has already impacted. Where sites are so remote or so relatively unknown chat the public has made no trail to them, and that we feel reasonably safe have not yet been discovered, we do not have Site Stewards monitoring them. Or we assign them to a Steward who has been with the program long enough to have established a good rapport with the land manager and a better-than-average level of trust. Let ‘our Steward know how important confidentially is, especially for that site. The important point is not to make a trail to the site by too many visits. The Steward might be encouraged to visit the site at least twice a car, unless impacts occur in the future which make more frequent monitoring necessary. With the large populations in Arizona and Cilifornia, it is rare that hunters and hikers have not already found more sites than even the land manager knows about. Normally, surveys arc done across the landscape in a lineal strip for right-of-way in readiness for installations of telephone lines, the grading of a new road, or the development of new buildings or subdivisions. Often, the sites found during a survey are the only sites documented in a survey report and therefore make up most of our known sites. Site Stewards, on the other hand, are proving to be helpful tools in increasing the state’s inventory of known sites. Because Stewards are out hiking, horseback riding or flying their aircraft on a weekly basis, they are reporting new sites all the time to the land agencies. This, of course, can he a “pro” or a “con,” depending on how you look at it. Once discovered, a site must be professionally surveyed and documented — another time consuming task on the part of the land manager. —-- __fv•_ • Figure 1: Arizona Volunteer Site Stewards in Period Costumes at an Historic Military Camp Known as Camp Date Creek. PROcEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY, VOL. 14, 2000 Generally, we do not make a concerted effort to limit site information given to our trained and trusted Site Stewards. By the same token, we do not automatically provide each Site Steward with the locations of every site which we have been asked to monitor — this list and the site kits prepared for each site on our Site Steward inventory for a particular region are given to the Regional Coordinator to use to assign sites to the various volunteers. One of the pros and cons—challenges—-of developing and managing a stewardship program is working with the news media. Most of us want some coverage of our program, and the media finds the concept of citizen volunteers assisting with the preservation of archaeological sites extremely interesting and newsworthy. We want the public to know that volunteers are providing a physical presence at archaeological sites. However, we also want to have a limited amount of media coverage beyond what we use in trying to recruit new Stewards; controlling the flow of information is important. Inappropriate information to the public must not endanger the cultural resources that we are trying to protect. We had a situation in Arizona where a freelance writer approached us and asked to be part of one of our conference field trips. Permission granted for him to attend and write an article about his experience, he wrote an exceptionally good article that promoted both the program and the field trip along the Camino del Diablo in southern Arizona. We have also had the opposite results. Last year, a well known reporter for the Arizona Republic became part of a field trip without the Team Leader knowing who he was or that he intended to write a story about his experience. Fortunately, on finding out that one of her Site Stewards had invited a “friend” along on what was suppose to be a site orientation, instead of taking the small group to the site she had intended to take them to, the Team Leader took them to a site which is on every topographic map and everyone knows about it already, what we call a “show” site. As expected, when the article appeared in the Repub/ic without any SE-IPO contact or communication with our Public Information Officer, his editor had included a locational map of the site. Fortunately, even good comes out of a negative experience, as I had 40 calls from people interested in knowing more about the Arizona Site Steward Program as a result of his article. Remember that once an interview is granted, no one really has much control over the tone or the content of the media’s approach. In Arizona, our program has a formal Code of Ethics which states that Site Stewards are not allowed to bring media to site locations without first contacting the land manager and the Public Information Officer at Arizona State Parks. Usually the land manager will take an active part in the interview, and the Public Information Officer contacts the reporter to ensure that proper credits, site etiquette, and antiquity laws are mentioned in the article. The best advice is to know your reporters and media people; the ones who have worked well with you in the past are the ones you want to work with in the future. In summary, the Arizona Site Steward Program, started in 1987, has taken many years to develop, lots of effort in finding funding, and much dedication on the part of the Site Stewards and of the land managers and other archaeologists in the community. Nevertheless, the “pros” well outweigh the “cons,” and the critical issues discussed in this presentation are not insurmountable. Keep the channels of communication open and discuss problems openly with your volunteers. Think of them not just as volunteers, but as volunteer staff— and they will help solve problems with new and creative perspective to help stop the Thieves of Time.

Unsolved Mysteries:The Wickenburg Massacre, Episode #5.1, September 16, 1992. (partial transcript of television episode)

Below is a partial transcript of a segment about The Wickenburg Massacre from the television program "Unsolved Mysteries", Episode #5.1, which originally aired September 16th, 1992. Narrated by actor David Farina (DF) and featuring interview segments with Bill Smith (BS), credited as "Arizona Historian & Lecturer."  Historical recreations of events by actors and additional commentary by "Dana Burden, Wickenburg Historian, Tour Guide", and "Jeff Hammon, Old West Writer & Researcher", are omitted from this transcript.

Unsolved Mysteries: The Wickenburg Massacre

Episode #5.1

Aired September 16, 1992

David Farina (DF): Coming up, the legendary Wickenburg Massacre. Was the attack carried out by Apaches, or a ruthless con-man?

DF: On a quiet highway 60 miles from Phoenix, a small monument stands at the edge of the road. It honors the victims of a once infamous shootout and the days of the wild west. By the end of the attack, six men were dead. One had been stabbed with a lance. Another was scalped. This atrocity would become known as the Wickenburg Massacre. Somehow, two people managed to survive. Though they were injured, William Kruger and Molly Sheppard lived on to provide the official account of what happened that day.

DF: The story told by Kruger and Sheppard led the United States government to retaliate. The result was the deaths of hundreds of Native Americans. And now more than a century later, some historians believe that Kruger and Sheppard might have planned the attack themselves, hoping to steal a small fortune from the stagecoach.

DF: November 5th, 1871. William Kruger and Molly Sheppard climb aboard a stagecoach in Wickenburg. Sheppard was a well known prostitute and madam who had recently sold her brothel. Kruger was a two-time army desert who had somehow convinced the military to hire him as a civilian clerk.

The day after the attack, while Sheppard was recuperating, Kruger was questions by Capt. Charles Meinhold, who was assigned to investigate the incident.

****

DF: By the time Meinhold reached the site, the victims' bodies had been returned to Wickenburg for burial. He uncovered several clues suggesting that Native Americans had been involved.

****

DF: The tracks led towards a reservation 25 miles away. It was home to 750 members of the Yavapai tribe. But strangely, several miles before the tracks reached the reservation, they veered off in a different direction.

Bill Smith (BS): This to me, would indicate possibly a non-Native American group, that is heading towards Camp Date Creek to make it look like the perpetrators are heading back to reservation.

DF: The Yavapai, who were often misidentified as Apaches, were a largely peaceful people. Many worked as laborers and scouts for the settlers. To those who knew the tribe, it seemed inconceivable that they would have been involved in the attack.

***

BS: If this was a Native American attack, we would have found that the ammunition and the weapons, certainly, would have been missing. And we would also found that any blankets would have been taken, but in this particular case, none of it was touched whatsoever.

DF: But the most puzzling evidence was found in the bags of mail that had been loaded onto the stagecoach at Wickenburg. After the attack, a number of letters addressed to the Army Quartermaster had been opened, and their contents carefully put back.

BS: Going through the mail. This is something that an Indian--or a Native American, would not do, is go through the mail. This certainly, you know, to me would indicate that it was a non-Indian attack.

DF: But if the Yavapai were innocent, who were the killers, and what was their motive? At the time, gold bullion was often transported by stagecoach. At least one account claims that Mexican bandits, disguised as Apaches, were responsible. Others suggest a more devious plan.

****

DF: Kruger's account of escape seemed hard to believe. Researcher Jeff Hammon believes that Kruger and Sheppard hired bandits to help them with the robbery.

****

DF: In his report, Capt. Meinhold acknowledged rumors that the scheme was intended to rob the mail of the bullion usually shipped around the first of every month. And yet, Meinhold never said that the gold had actually been carried on that specific stagecoach run. Still, the stories persisted.

****

DF: Jeff Hannon believes that Kruger hid the loot somewhere near the massacre site where only he and Sheppard could find it.

****

DF: If there was a treasure, it seems unlikely that Molly Sheppard or William Kruger ever recovered it. Sheppard disappeared soon after the incident, fueling rumors that she had died of her wounds. Kruger last surfaced 13 years after the massacre when he sued the government for money that he claimed to have lost in the attack.

DF: During the 1870s, the Wickenburg Massacre caused a national outrage. Within 18 months of the attack, the Yavapai were driven off the reservation by a government determined to punish them for their attack. Eventually hundreds of innocent men, women and children died from starvation and disease. We may never know who was responsible for the Wickenburg Massacre. However, we do know that the list of victims include many more than the six men who were killed on that violent morning more than a century ago.

20216. Gravestone of Jno. Crocker, photographed by Bill W. Smith, August 10th, 1998 (photograph, gravestone)

Photographed by Bill W. Smith August 10th, 1998 CAMP DATE CREEK SOLDIER RELOCATED TO THE SAN FRANCISCO NATIONAL CEMETERY AT THE PRESIDIO. THE FOLLOWING GRAVES OF THIS PHOTOGRAPHIC SERIES ALL LAY SIDE BY SIDE IN SECTION WS AT THE CEMETERY. GOVERNMENT RELOCATION OF THESE SOLDIERS TOOK PLACE DURING JUNE OF 1892.

20213. Days Past. The Prescott Courier. Monday, June 11, 1990. Lonely, forgotten grave belies captain's heroism, by Bill W. Smith (article)

Days Past The Prescott Courier Monday, June II, 1990 Lonely, forgotten grave belies captain’s heroism By Bill W. SmIth Special to the Courier Perhaps it was fitting that my res earch on old Camp Date Creek, an abandoned military post of the Ari zona Territorial Indian Wars, led me to the Prescott National Cemete ry last Memorial Day weekend. There, m grave No. 10, row D, section 2, lies the lonely and forgott en grave of Philip Dwyer, captain of the 5th Calvary, who swept across Arizona history and into legend. His grave marker bearing just name and rank seems lost among the newer stones surrounding it. Philip Dwyer was born in Ireland about 1837 and emigrated to the Uni ted States at an early age. He enlisted in the service on Aug. 21, 1858, joining the Old 2nd, which later became the 5th Cavalry. He rose to the rank of quartermaster sergeant by 1862 when he was comm issioned 2nd and 1st lieutenant, and was promoted to the rank of captain in 1866. Just a few of the many Civil War engagements Philip Dwyer particip ated in include The Battle of Bull Run, The Charge at Fairfax Court House, The Manassas, Virginia Pen insular, Antitum and the battle of Fredricksburg. He was captured near Charleston in 1864, and held as a prisoner of war for the remainder of the conflict. On Feb. 11, 1872, Capt. Dwyer arr ived at Camp Date Creek, Arizona Territory, where he commanded Company E, 5th Cavalry. Located 60 miles southwest of Prescott, and on the junction of the Prescott, Wickenburg and La Paz roads, Camp Date Creek was establ ished in 1867. The main purpose of Camp Date Creek vas to help reduce Indian att acks on wagon trains traveling the roads, by providing them with milit ary escorts. From Camp Date Creek, Capt. Dwyer headed many scouting exp editions into the Territory against marauding Indians. During the month of Aug. 1872, Capt. Dwyer was acting post comm ander, and the only commiss ioned officer left at the post, when he died of an unknown illness Aug. 29, 1872. “On the Border With Crook,” by John G. Bourke, describes the death and funeral of Capt. Dwyer. “The surroundings were most dismal and squalid; all the furnit ure in the room in which the corpse lay was two and three plain wooden chairs, the bed occupied as des cribed, and a pine table upon which stood a candlestick, with the candle melted and burned in the socket. “Dwyer had been ‘ailing’ for seve ral days, but no one could tell exa ctly what was the matter with him; and, of course, no one susp ected that one so strong and athlet ic could be in danger of death. “One of the enlisted men of his company, a bright young trumpet er, was sitting up with him, and about the hour of midnight, Dwyer became a trifle uneasy and asked: ‘Can you sing that new song, ‘Put Me Under The Daisies?” “Oh, yes Captain,’ replied the trumpeter, ‘I have often sung it and will gladly sing it now.’ “So he began to sing, very sweetly, the ditty, which seemed to calm the nervousness of his superi or officer. But the candle had burned down in the socket, and when the young soldier went to rep lace it, he could find neither candle nor match, and he saw in the flickering light and shadow that the face of the Captain was strangely set, and of a ghastly purplish hue. “The trumpeter ran swiftly to the nearest house to get another light, and to call for help, but upon returni ng found the Captain dead. “Many strange sights have I seen, but none that produced a stranger or more pathetic appeal to my emotions than the funeral of Phil Dwyer; we got together just as good an apology for a coffin as that timberless country would furnish, and then wrapped our dead friend in his regimentals, and all hands were than ready to start for the cemetery. “At the head marched Mr. Hug us, Doctor Williams (the Indian agent) myself, and Lieutenant Hay, of the Twenty-third Infantry, who arrived at the post early in the morning; then came the troop of cav ah’y, dismounted and all the civil ians living in and around the camp; and lastly every Indian — man, woman, or child — able to walk or toddle, for all of them, young or old, good or bad, loved Phil Dwyer. “The soldiers and civilians formed in one line at the head of the grave, and the Apache-Yumas in two long lines at right angles to them, and on each side. The few, short, expressive, and tender sent ences of the burial service were read, then the bugles sang taps, and three volleys were fired across the hills, the clods rattled down on the breast of the dead, and the cerem ony was over.” Camp Date Creek was abandoned in August of 1873, one year after the burial of Captain Dwyer. The post cemetery at Camp Date Creek with the remains of 28 soldiers and 14 civilians, was to be neglected and forgotten for the next 19 years. In 1892 the government removed the remains of all the military pers onnel at Camp Date Creek, and reb uried most of them at the Presidio in San Francisco. The remains of Capt. Philip Dwyer, however, the only commiss ioned officer buried at Camp Date Creek, were transported the 60 miles up the old wagon road to their final resting place in the Prescott National Cemetery. As I left the cemetery a newsp aper reporter approached me looking for a Memorial Day story. When I showed him the grave marker of Capt. Philip Dwyer, and started to tell his story, he interj ected, “That’s neat, but I’m looki ng for a good human interest story, from someone that has a relative buried here.”

20154, 20155. Arizona Site Steward Program Watch, June 1997, Historic Camp Date Creek: A Most Memorable Visit (article by Bill W. Smith)

Article and photos by Site Steward Bill Smith Mrs. Nancy (Corbusier) Knox visits Camp Date Creek.

20096, 20097. Personal correspondence between Bill W. Smith and Barry Goldwater (February 11, 1992 and March 10, 1992) (letter)

Barry Goldwater P. 0. BOX 1601 SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA 55252 February 11, 1992 Mr. Bill W. Smith Phoenix, AZ Dear Bill: When I returned home from your store this morning, I found your letter waiting. I’m very happy that your writing the story on the army post. It will be a terrific addition to the literature of Arizona. That part of Arizona has largly been neglected by historians, and I’m very happy for what your doing. I do know that my Grand Uncle Joe was hit by two bullets by raiding Apaches, although I didn’t know that Dr. Jones was traveling with them. He wore those two bullets as watch fobs for the rest of his life. My Grandfather Mike, was shot through the hat, with no damage. I do not have much in the way of specific information for you, but you’ve been working with Susie Sato, and in my book you can’t beat her. Keep i touch on this, and if I hear anything I’ll let you know. Barrij Goldwater March 10, 1992 Mr. Bill W. Smith Phoenix, AZ Dear Bill: P. 0. BOX 1601 SCOTTSDALE, ARIZONA 85252 Thank you for the copy of the Goldwater article by Dean Smith. I certainly do appreciate it, and thanks too for that article by James Cook. I think your on a real project. Camp Date Creek was just a hidden little waterway until you came along. When you chronicle the whole story, it will become one of the important places in Arizona’s wonderful history. The fact that both my grandfather, and grand-uncle, were both shot on that trip, that wound up in Date Creek, is very importanj, to both me and my family. Thank you for doing this, iA/s really a wonderful job for Arizona. S.

20003. Commissary Ruins, Camp Date Creek, November 27th, 1989. Photograph by Bill W. Smith

20002. Lonely, forgotten grave belies captain's heroism by Bill W. Smith, The Prescott Courier, June 11, 1990 (article)

Days Past The Prescott Courier Monday, June 11, 1990 Lonely, forgotten grave belies captain’s heroism By Bill W. Smith Special to the Courier Perhaps it was fitting that my res earch on old Camp Date Creek, an abandoned military post of the Ari zona Territorial Indian Wars, led me to the Prescott National Cemete ry last Memorial Day weekend. There, in grave No. 10, row D, section 2, lies the lonely and forgott en grave of Philip Dwyer, captain of the 5th Calvary, who swept across Arizona history and into legend. His grave marker bearing just name and rank seems lost among the newer stones surrounding it. Philip Dwyer was born in Ireland about 1837 and emigrated to the Uni ted States atan early age. He enlisted in the service on Aug. 21, 1858, joining the Old 2nd, which later became the 5th Cavalry. He rose to the rank of quartermaster sergeant by 1862 when he was comm issioned 2nd and 1st lieutenant, and was promoted to the rank of captain in 1866. Just a few of the many Civil War engagements Philip Dwyer partici. pated in include The Battle of Bull Run, The Charge at Fairfax Court House, The Manassas, Virginia Pen insular, Antitum and the battle of Fredricksburg. He was captured near Charleston in 1864, and held as a prisoner of war for the remainder of the conflict. On Feb. 11, 1872, Capt. Dwyer arr ived at Camp Date Creek, Arizona Territory, where he commanded Company E, 5th Cavalry. Located 60 miles southwest of Prescott, and on the junction of the Prescott, Wickenburg and La Paz roads, Camp Date Creek was establ ished in 1867. The main purpose of Camp Date Creek vas to help reduce Indian att acks on wagon trains traveling the roads, by providing them with milit ary escorts. From Camp Date Creek, Capt. Dwyer headed many scouting exp editions into the Territory against marauding Indians. During the month of Aug. 1872, Capt. Dwyer was acting post comm ander, and the only commiss ioned officer left at the post, when he died of an unknown illness Aug. 29, 1872. “On the Border With Crook,” by John G. Bourke, describes the death and funeral of Capt. Dwyer. “The surroundings were most dismal and squalid; all the furnit ure in the room in which the corpse lay was two and three plain wooden chairs, the bed occupied as des cribed, and a pine table upon which stood a candlestick, with the candle melted and burned in the socket. “Dwyer had been ‘ailing’ for seve ral days, but no one could tell exa ctly what was the matter with him; and, of course, no one susp ected that one so strong and athlet ic could be in danger of death. “One of the enlisted men of his company, a bright young trumpet er, was sitting up with him, and about the hour of midnight, Dwyer became a trifie uneasy and asked: ‘Can you sing that new song, ‘Put Me Under The Daisies?” “Oh, yes Captain,’ replied the trumpeter, ‘I have often sung it and will gladly sing it now.’ “So he began to sing, very sweetly, the ditty, which seemed to calm the nervousness of his superi or officer. But the candle had burned down in the socket, and when the young soldier went to rep lace it, he could find neither candle nor match, and he saw in the ifickering light and shadow that the face of the Captain was strangely set, and of a ghastly purplish hue. “The trumpeter ran swiftly to the nearest house to get another light, and to call for help, but upon returni ng found the Captain dead. “Many strange sights have I seen, but none that produced a stranger or more pathetic appeal to my emotions than the funeral of Phil Dwyer; we got together just as good an apology for a coffin as that timberless country would furnish, and then wrapped our dead friend in his regimentals, and all hands were than ready to start for the cemetery. “At the head marched Mr. Hug us, Doctor Williams (the Indian agent) myself, and Lieutenant Hay, of the Twenty-third Infantry, who arrived at the post early in the morning; then came the troop of Cav alry, dismounted and all the civil ians living in and around the camp; and lastly every Indian — man, woman, or child — able to walk or toddle, for all of them, young or old, good or bad, loved Phil Dwyer. “The soldiers and civilians formed in one line at the head of the grave, and the Apache-Yumas in two long lines at right angles to them, and on each side. The few, short, expressive, and tender sent ences of the burial service were read, then the bugles sang taps, and three volleys were fired across the hills, the clods rattled down on the breast of the dead, and the cerem ony was over.” Camp Date Creek was abandoned in August of 1873, one year after the burial of Captain Dwyer. The post cemetery at Camp Date Creek with the remains of 28 soldiers and 14 civilians, was to be neglected and forgotten for the next 19 years. In 1892 the government removed the remains of all the military pers onnel at Camp Date Creek, and reb uried most of them at the Presidio in San Francisco. The remains of Capt. Philip Dwyer, however, the only commiss ioned officer buried at Camp Date Creek, were transported the 60 miles up the old wagon road to their final resting place in the Prescott National Cemetery. As I left the cemetery a newsp aper reporter approached me looking for a Memorial Day story. When I showed him the grave marker of Capt. Philip Dwyer, and started to tell his story, he interj ected, “That’s neat, but I’m looki ng for a good human interest story, from someone that has a relative buried here.”

20001. Camp Date Creek Field Trip - February 13th, 2013, North Ranch Historical Society (photograph)

10241, 10242. Sutlers Store, 1870. Camp Date Creek, A.T., Charles Gentile Photograph, Library of Congress Transparency #LC-USZ4-5661

Sutlers Store, 1870 Camp Date Creek, A. T. Charles Gentile Photograph Library of Congress Transparency #LC—USZ4—5661 Library of Congress B/W Neg. #LC—USZ6—2206 The Same View, 2010 Bill W. Smith Photograph

10193. Communique From Connie Altshuler (letter) May 12, 1991

10169, 10170. Gravestone of J.G. Sheldon (photograph)

About 3 miles north of Camp Date Creek, A.T.

Photographs Bill W. Smith December 10th, 1990

10138. Private James Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry, Camp McPherson, A.T., copy of handwritten death report

Private Jerome Booth Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry Camp McPherson, A. T. The following is a copy of the handwritten death report of Private Jerome Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry, Camp McPherson, A. T. and is dated November 14th, 1868. Jerome Booth was killed by Indians November 2nd, 1868 near Walnut Grove, A. T. while on Mail Escort. The report is written by Leslie G. Cutter (a fellow soldier) of Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry and mailed to the brother of the deceased: L.D. Booth, Binghamton, Broome County, Box 900, New York. The original report is part of the Bill W. Smith Collection. No attempt was made to correct the spelling or punctuation.

10104, 10105, 10106. (letter) Private Jerome Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry, Camp McPherson, A.T., November 1st, 1867

Private Jerome Booth co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry Camp McPherson, A. T. The following is a copy of an original handwritten letter, dated November 1st, 1867, Camp McPherson, A.T., written by Private Jerome Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry. The original letter is part of the Bill W. Smith Collection. No attempt was made to correct spelling or punctuation of the original. Private Jerome Booth was killed by Indians November 2nd, 1868 while on Mail Escort near Walnut Grove, A. T. He was shot twice by gunfire in the left side and once by an arrow to the left shoulder. Camp McPherson November th 1 1867 Dear Brother it is with pleasure that I take this opertunity of writi ng to you I received your letter bearing date Sept ember the 13 and was very glad to hear from you I was much pleased w ith the photographs you sent me I received a lett er from you the week before and have answered it and written one to you I came off guard this morning and thus have the fore noon to my self we have a herd here of 75 five head and consisting of horses mules and cattle which the corporal and three men of the guard take charge of and drive them to the best feed they can find but they do not go far from camp for the indians like fresh meat I w as acting corporal this time I went to Wick enburg a week ago today with the Captain and had avery good time it is aplace contai ining four stores and three white women we saw some very fine herds of deer and antelope on the way we were mustered for four months pay yesterday and expect the pay master every day un til he comes I passed through the town where nutan Dutche was on my way thr ough california I dont think it would do any good for me to write to him for very few go under their right name in this part of the USA now Larry that yarn about gale and the kitten s I guess thats all Bosh most likely you called the kitten up in your lap and I think you w rote that about gale because she wont let you have any peace until you answ er my letters like you ought well good by and dont forget to write from your brother Jerome Booth Camp McPherson date creek A. T.

10096, 10097, 10098, 10099, 10100. Private Joseph Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry, Camp McPherson, A.T. (letter)

Private Jerome Booth Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry Camp McPherson, A. T. The following is a copy of an original handwritten letter, dated October 18th, 1867, Camp McPherson, A.T., written by Private Jerome Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry. The original letter is part of the Bill W. Smith Collection. No attempt was made to correct spelling or punctuation of the original. Private Jerome Booth was killed by Indians November 2nd, 1868 while on Mail Escort near Walnut Grove, A.T. He was shot twice by gunfire in the left side and once by an arrow to the left shoulder. Camp McPherson October the 18th 67 dear brother I after the lapse of nearly six weeks I find myself seated pen in hand awriting to you again I have not heard from home yet the mails are very irregular at present the fast time it left here the red skins about fifty in number surprised the escort and captured the mail and killed the mail rider on the spot the escort beat a hasty retreat back to camp from which they were about 4 miles the Captain then ordered aparty to get aready to go and get the mail or what they could find of it he went with them they found the mail bag cut open and the mail scattered all about they gathered up the mail of which the Captain took charge they discovered the rider where he fell I was then at Wickenburg I had went down with the mail the week before and had the four and tail over the mail contractor getting uneasy at the mail not being in at usual time asked me to go to camp with him which I agreed to do and after dark we set out the reds let us alone until we were about about six miles from camp when they got after us with annoyance the first that we heard of them was the whiz of aflight of arrows backed by an unearthly yell that might wake the dead we gave our animals the spurs and soon left them far in the rear ten more days and I have a year served for Uncle Samule it seems some time since I was at home I havent seen an apple since I left although they are plenty in California Oct the 20 again I take my pen in hand to try and finish this letter I was called for duty the other day and of course had to go and thus missed sending it by yesterdays mail to day is Sunday and it will start Monday from here the mail rider brought the news of aparty of sixteen persons being killed last week near Tucson aplace about one hundred miles from here he also stated that it was impossible for the mail to go any farther then that place there being three hundred mounted indians between that and the next post that is all for the reds this time the nights are nice and cool here now and the weather is very pleasant we havent had any rain since I July I think that rather beats all New York how did that patch of tobacco do that you was trying to raise inspite of the weather I hope it has done well if it wasent for that fragrant meal I cant say what might have become ofL.B. when I think of the good old times at home A bit of the meal is my only consolation how is the farm at home managed this year has father got the cider milk done yet I would like to have about two weeks on the cue about this time how has will ransome and his annie get along ihope uncle dont have any trouble with his dear son well larry I have seen agreat deal of that yellow stuff called gold since I have been in this part of the world and I think I had rather dig for gold in the states nearly every day we hear of some party of miners being jumped as they term it last week there was four out of aparty of five that were out prospecting killed the other had ahard run for life there are agreat many instances of this kind where there is none left to tell the tale I bought one bushel of potatoes the other day they cost me 11 eleven dollars and fifteen pounds of onions which cost me 5 five dollars you may think that you would let the vegetables go and save your money but you would rather let the money slip than get the scurvy well I guess that is about all you will want to study out for once I Best respects to all inquiring friends good by Jerome Booth

10088, 10089. (letter) Private James Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry, Camp McPherson, A.T., August 8th, 1867

Private Jerome Booth co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry Camp McPherson, A. T. The following is a copy of an original handwritten letter, dated August 8th, 1867, Camp McPherson, A.T., written by Private Jerome Booth, Co. "H" 14th U.S. Infantry. The original letter is part of the Bill W. Smith Collection. No attempt was made to correct spelling or punctuation of the original. Private Jerome Booth was killed by Indians November 2nd, 1868 while on Mail Escort near Walnut Grove, A. T. He was shot twice by gunfire in the left side and once by an arrow to the left shoulder. Camp McPherson August the 8th 67 dear brother it is with pleasure that I seat my self pen in hand to inform you of my present good health you will think me tardy about writing this is the second time I had written you the paper you sent me is now in the hands of the indians I had answered your letter and two men being detached to go with the mail I gave it to them they started from camp about 4 oclock they did not live till dark there is not much trade here and supposed them all right until yesterday when some frackers informed us that they had met no soldiers but said they had found two bodies lying among the rocks on the trail naked and scalped which the indians never fail to do they also found some of the mail there the mail carriers were mounted on mules there is two men sent too see all are from here osp.l mnoo 1.10ded Ile spu0!.1J Ku-1 Ile 0) spodso.l Kul OA!fi I will send you acopy of the paper that wages here it will tell you how things flourish here I was in that water spout you spoke of it did not occur on the 10 of May but on the tenth of March the rest of the report was correct you said you were agoing to raise some potatoes if you could I should like some of them we have none here I havent had any in six months you say that it rains all the time there it rains here half of the year and is dry the rest of the year deer and antelope are very plenty here we are quite sickly here the fever and ague is prevailing rather too well the most of the men intend to desert when they get paid the officers got wind of it and I dont think we will get paid very soon paper is very scarce here I havent received any pay since I enlisted good by direct Jerome Booth Co. H 14 US Camp McPherson arasonia. show to Lady dont forget the pictures

10010, 10011. Bill W. Smith Photo (March 14th, 1994) Bell's Canyon toward Willow Spring